The process of measuring amounts of carbon dioxide equivalents emitted by an entity. It is used to calculate a carbon footprint and generally forms the basis for carbon-related financial transactions.

Permits that allow the holder to emit a certain amount of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases; one credit permits the emission of a mass equal to one ton of carbon dioxide.

The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) is a global platform that enables organizations to measure, disclose, and manage their environmental impact, with a primary focus on carbon emissions. By participating in CDP, companies provide detailed information about their climate-related initiatives, risks, and opportunities. This data is then used to assess and benchmark environmental performance, fostering transparency and encouraging sustainable practices across various industries.

The total greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, event, or product.

The amount of carbon by weight emitted per unit of energy consumed or activity performed.

The state of net-zero carbon dioxide emissions, often achieved by balancing emissions with carbon removal or simply eliminating emissions altogether.

Compensation for emissions made elsewhere, typically by funding an equivalent carbon dioxide saving project.

The cost applied to carbon pollution to encourage polluters to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas they emit into the atmosphere.

A strategic plan that outlines specific activities an organization will undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and manage its climate change risks.

The process of reducing carbon intensity, i.e., lowering the amount of greenhouse gases produced from burning fossil fuels, typically in energy and transportation sectors.

Including emissions from the transportation and distribution (in vehicles not owned or operated by the reporting entity) of products in the supply chain, end-of-life treatment of sold products, and investments.

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) is a framework used to evaluate a company's performance in key non-financial areas. The "E" focuses on environmental factors, such as a company's impact on the planet. The "S" considers social factors, including how a company treats its employees and engages with communities. The "G" relates to governance, examining the company's leadership, ethics, and internal controls. ESG criteria are increasingly important for investors and stakeholders interested in sustainable and responsible business practices. By considering ESG factors, companies aim to enhance long-term value creation while minimizing negative impacts.

A measure that compares the amount of heat trapped by a certain mass of a greenhouse gas to the amount of heat trapped by a similar mass of carbon dioxide over a specified period.
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Importance of GWP: Helps in comparing the impacts of emissions from various gases on global warming. This is essential for developing strategies to reduce emissions and mitigate climate change.

Different types of greenhouse gases with respective GWPs:

GHG stands for Greenhouse Gas, referring to gases like carbon dioxide and methane that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere. Measuring GHG emissions is crucial for understanding and addressing climate change. Organizations often track their GHG emissions to assess their environmental impact and develop strategies to reduce their carbon footprint, contributing to global efforts to mitigate climate change.

An accounting of the amount of greenhouse gases emitted to or removed from the atmosphere over a period of time.

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) is a widely recognized standard for accounting and reporting greenhouse gas emissions. It provides a systematic framework for organizations to measure and manage their carbon footprint. The GHG Protocol helps businesses identify, quantify, and track emissions from various sources, allowing them to make informed decisions and set targets for reducing their environmental impact. By following this protocol, organizations contribute to global efforts in addressing climate change and promoting sustainability.

Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) is a method for evaluating the environmental impacts of a product, process, or service from raw material extraction to disposal or recycling. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of environmental footprints, considering factors like resource use, energy consumption, and emissions. LCA supports informed decision-making, identifies improvement opportunities, and encourages sustainable practices by assessing the entire life cycle of a system.

The process to identify, refine, and assess potential environmental, social, and governance issues that could affect a business and its stakeholders.

A balance between the amount of greenhouse gas emissions produced and the amount removed from the atmosphere.

Projects that reduce, avoid, or sequester emissions to compensate for emissions occurring elsewhere, such as reforestation or renewable energy projects.

Energy from sources that are naturally replenishing but flow-limited; renewable resources are virtually inexhaustible in duration but limited in the amount of energy that is available per unit of time.

The Science-Based Targets initiative (SBTi) is a framework that assists companies in setting environmentally responsible goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It ensures that these goals align with scientific evidence, promoting sustainability and contributing to the global effort to combat climate change. By following SBTi guidelines, businesses can effectively contribute to a more environmentally friendly future.

Scope 1 emissions refer to direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by an organization. This includes emissions from on-site combustion of fossil fuels, such as those produced by company-owned vehicles or machinery.

Scope 2 emissions pertain to indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the generation of purchased or acquired electricity, heat, or steam. While not produced directly by the organization, these emissions result from the energy consumed to support its operations.

Scope 3 emissions encompass all indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that occur throughout a company's value chain, including both upstream and downstream activities. This includes emissions from sources like purchased goods and services, employee commuting, business travel, and product end-of-life disposal.

The practice of organizations reporting on their environmental impact and sustainability practices, often in annual sustainability reports that may be integrated with or separate from their financial reports.

The supply chain refers to the network of all the individuals, organizations, resources, activities, and technology involved in the creation and sale of a product, from the delivery of source materials from the supplier to the manufacturer, through to its eventual delivery to the end-user. It encompasses the entire lifecycle of a product, including disposal or recycling.

The integration of environmentally and financially viable practices into the complete supply chain lifecycle, from product design and development, to material selection, to manufacturing, packaging, and transportation, to warehousing, distribution, consumption, return, and disposal of all products involved.

Including emissions associated with the production of purchased goods and services, transportation of purchased fuels, and use of sold products and services.